Time, Dates & Appointments
Days, Dates & Months
Imagine you're booking a doctor's appointment in Tallinn.
The receptionist tells you that an appointment is available on Thursday, October 22, at ten in the morning.
You understand the time, but do you recognize the day and date?
Or perhaps a friend asks what you're doing this weekend.
You want to explain that you're working on Saturday but free on Sunday.
These are situations where knowing days, dates, and months becomes essential.
In the previous lesson, you learned how to ask and tell the time.
Now you'll learn how to put that time on a calendar.
Today's mission: Understand an appointment date and time, describe your plans for the week, and write a simple calendar entry in Estonian.
What You'll Learn
By the end of this lesson, you'll be able to:
- Recognize and say all seven days of the week.
- Say what day it is.
- Talk about today, yesterday, and tomorrow.
- Understand common weekday and weekend expressions.
- Recognize all twelve months.
- Read and say calendar dates.
- Ask what the date is.
- Say when your birthday is.
- Understand simple appointment dates.
- Combine days, dates, and clock times.
- Arrange a basic meeting using familiar expressions.
A1 learning goal: Understand and exchange simple information about calendar dates, days of the week, and familiar scheduled activities when the other person speaks clearly and is willing to help.
1. The Seven Days of the Week
Let's begin with the days you'll use throughout your life in Estonia.
| English | Estonian |
|---|---|
| Monday | esmaspäev |
| Tuesday | teisipäev |
| Wednesday | kolmapäev |
| Thursday | neljapäev |
| Friday | reede |
| Saturday | laupäev |
| Sunday | pühapäev |
Listen and Repeat
esmaspäev teisipäev kolmapäev neljapäev reede laupäev pühapäev
Recognizing the Pattern
Notice that four of the weekday names contain the word päev, meaning "day."
- esmaspäev
- teisipäev
- kolmapäev
- neljapäev
The names of Friday, Saturday, and Sunday have different forms.
Pronunciation Focus
Practice:
teisipäev
neljapäev
pühapäev
Pay attention to ä and ü, which you practiced in Module 1.
Your First Challenge
Without looking at the table, say:
- Monday
- Wednesday
- Friday
- Saturday
- Sunday
Answers
esmaspäev kolmapäev reede laupäev pühapäev
2. What Day Is It Today?
Now let's use weekdays in real sentences.
Today
täna
Meaning: Today.
What Day Is It Today?
Mis päev täna on?
Meaning: What day is it today?
Today Is Monday
Täna on esmaspäev.
Meaning: Today is Monday.
More Examples
Täna on kolmapäev.
Today is Wednesday.
Täna on reede.
Today is Friday.
Täna on pühapäev.
Today is Sunday.
Mini Dialogue
Mis päev täna on? Täna on neljapäev. Aitäh! Palun!
English Translation
Person A: What day is it today?
Person B: Today is Thursday.
Person A: Thank you!
Person B: You're welcome!
Your Turn
Look at a calendar.
Ask yourself:
Mis päev täna on?
Answer using the actual weekday.
Try to say the complete sentence without reading the example.
3. Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow
Three words make everyday scheduling much easier.
Yesterday
eile
Meaning: Yesterday.
Today
täna
Meaning: Today.
Tomorrow
homme
Meaning: Tomorrow.
Listen
Eile. Täna. Homme.
Examples
Täna on teisipäev.
Today is Tuesday.
Homme on kolmapäev.
Tomorrow is Wednesday.
Eile oli esmaspäev.
Yesterday was Monday.
A Small Grammar Discovery
Notice:
- on — is
- oli — was
You've already encountered oli in an earlier restaurant lesson.
It's a past-tense form of olema.
You don't need to study the entire past tense today.
For now, remember:
Täna on ...
Homme on ...
Eile oli ...
Practice
Imagine today is Friday.
Complete:
- Yesterday was Thursday.
- Today is Friday.
- Tomorrow is Saturday.
Answers
Eile oli neljapäev.
Täna on reede.
Homme on laupäev.
4. On Monday, On Tuesday, On Wednesday
So far, you've learned the basic forms of weekdays.
But what if you want to say:
"I work on Monday."
In Estonian, the weekday form changes.
Compare
Esmaspäev.
Monday.
Esmaspäeval.
On Monday.
Weekday Forms
| Day | On that day |
|---|---|
| esmaspäev | esmaspäeval |
| teisipäev | teisipäeval |
| kolmapäev | kolmapäeval |
| neljapäev | neljapäeval |
| reede | reedel |
| laupäev | laupäeval |
| pühapäev | pühapäeval |
Listen
esmaspäeval teisipäeval kolmapäeval neljapäeval reedel laupäeval pühapäeval
Useful Sentences
Ma töötan esmaspäeval.
Meaning: I work on Monday.
Ma lähen tööle teisipäeval.
Meaning: I'm going to work on Tuesday.
Ma lähen poodi laupäeval.
Meaning: I'm going shopping on Saturday.
Ma olen kodus pühapäeval.
Meaning: I'm at home on Sunday.
Grammar Discovery
Most weekday names use -l or -al in the form meaning "on that day."
For example:
- esmaspäev → esmaspäeval
- laupäev → laupäeval
- reede → reedel
The ending belongs to a grammatical case you encountered earlier when learning location forms.
For now, focus on remembering the complete weekday forms.
Important Distinction
Täna on esmaspäev.
Today is Monday.
Ma töötan esmaspäeval.
I work on Monday.
The first sentence identifies the day.
The second describes an activity taking place on that day.
5. This Week and Next Week
Now let's learn a few expressions for planning ahead.
Week
nädal
Meaning: Week.
This Week
sel nädalal
Meaning: This week.
Next Week
järgmisel nädalal
Meaning: Next week.
Last Week
eelmisel nädalal
Meaning: Last week.
Examples
Ma töötan sel nädalal.
I work this week.
Ma lähen Tartusse järgmisel nädalal.
I'm going to Tartu next week.
Eelmisel nädalal olin Tallinnas.
Last week I was in Tallinn.
Grammar Note
The word olin means "I was."
You'll study past-tense verb forms systematically in a later module.
For now, focus on recognizing the time expressions.
Practical Dialogue
Millal sa Tartusse lähed? Järgmisel nädalal. Mis päeval? Reedel. Väga hea!
English Translation
Person A: When are you going to Tartu?
Person B: Next week.
Person A: On which day?
Person B: On Friday.
Person A: Very good!
New Question
Mis päeval?
Meaning: On what day?
This is useful when someone gives you a general time, but you need a more specific answer.
6. Weekdays and Weekends
Let's learn a few words used frequently when discussing work and free time.
Weekday
tööpäev
Meaning: Working day / Workday.
Weekend
nädalavahetus
Meaning: Weekend.
On the Weekend
nädalavahetusel
Meaning: On the weekend.
Examples
Ma töötan nädalavahetusel.
I work on the weekend.
Ma olen nädalavahetusel kodus.
I'm at home on the weekend.
Ma lähen nädalavahetusel Tartusse.
I'm going to Tartu on the weekend.
Useful Question
Mida sa nädalavahetusel teed?
Meaning: What are you doing on the weekend?
Simple Response
Ma olen kodus.
I'm at home.
Or:
Ma lähen kohvikusse.
I'm going to a café.
A1 Focus
You don't need to describe complicated plans yet.
A short sentence with a familiar activity is sufficient.
7. The Twelve Months of the Year
Now let's learn the names of the months.
| Number | English | Estonian |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | January | jaanuar |
| 2 | February | veebruar |
| 3 | March | märts |
| 4 | April | aprill |
| 5 | May | mai |
| 6 | June | juuni |
| 7 | July | juuli |
| 8 | August | august |
| 9 | September | september |
| 10 | October | oktoober |
| 11 | November | november |
| 12 | December | detsember |
Listen and Repeat
jaanuar veebruar märts aprill mai juuni juuli august september oktoober november detsember
What Should You Notice?
Many Estonian month names are similar to their English equivalents.
For example:
- aprill — April
- august — August
- september — September
- november — November
Others have different spellings or pronunciations.
Pronunciation Focus
Practice:
veebruar
märts
juuni
oktoober
Quick Recognition Challenge
Identify the English month:
- märts
- mai
- juuli
- oktoober
- detsember
Answers
- March
- May
- July
- October
- December
8. In January, In February, In March
Just like weekday names, month names change form when you say that something happens during the month.
In January
jaanuaris
In February
veebruaris
In March
märtsis
All Twelve Months
| Basic form | In that month |
|---|---|
| jaanuar | jaanuaris |
| veebruar | veebruaris |
| märts | märtsis |
| aprill | aprillis |
| mai | mais |
| juuni | juunis |
| juuli | juulis |
| august | augustis |
| september | septembris |
| oktoober | oktoobris |
| november | novembris |
| detsember | detsembris |
Listen
jaanuaris veebruaris märtsis aprillis mais juunis juulis augustis septembris oktoobris novembris detsembris
Examples
Ma lähen Tartusse märtsis.
Meaning: I'm going to Tartu in March.
Ma lähen puhkusele juulis.
Meaning: I'm going on vacation in July.
Ma alustan tööd septembris.
Meaning: I start work in September.
New Vocabulary
puhkus
Meaning: Vacation / Holiday leave.
alustan
Meaning: I start / I'm starting.
Grammar Discovery
The month forms meaning "in" generally use the Estonian inessive case.
You encountered this kind of form earlier:
- Tallinnas — in Tallinn
- koolis — at school
- jaanuaris — in January
Notice that some stems change.
For example:
- september → septembris
- november → novembris
- detsember → detsembris
Learn these month forms as practical vocabulary.
9. How to Read Dates in Estonian
This is an especially important part of the lesson.
Imagine seeing the date:
22.10.2026
In Estonia, dates are commonly written in the order:
Day.Month.Year
The example means:
22 October 2026
Another Example
05.03.2026
This means:
5 March 2026
Important
Estonian written calendar dates use a period after the day number because it represents an ordinal number.
For example:
-
- — first
-
- — second
-
- — third
-
- — tenth
Reading a Date Aloud
Kahekümne teine oktoober.
Meaning: The twenty-second of October.
The number uses an ordinal form.
Another Example
Viies märts.
Meaning: The fifth of March.
Key Difference
You already know cardinal numbers such as:
viis
Five.
But when reading calendar dates, you need ordinal numbers:
viies
Fifth.
Let's learn the most useful ordinal forms.
10. Ordinal Numbers for Dates
Ordinal numbers describe position in an ordered sequence.
In English:
- one → first
- two → second
- three → third
Estonian works similarly, but the forms may be different.
First to Tenth
| Number | Estonian ordinal |
|---|---|
| 1st | esimene |
| 2nd | teine |
| 3rd | kolmas |
| 4th | neljas |
| 5th | viies |
| 6th | kuues |
| 7th | seitsmes |
| 8th | kaheksas |
| 9th | üheksas |
| 10th | kümnes |
Listen and Repeat
esimene teine kolmas neljas viies kuues seitsmes kaheksas üheksas kümnes
Important
The first three ordinal numbers are particularly important to memorize.
- üks → esimene
- kaks → teine
- kolm → kolmas
Examples as Calendar Dates
Esimene jaanuar.
The first of January.
Teine veebruar.
The second of February.
Kolmas märts.
The third of March.
Viies mai.
The fifth of May.
Practice
Say the following dates:
- 1 January
- 2 February
- 3 March
- 5 May
- 10 October
Suggested Answers
Esimene jaanuar.
Teine veebruar.
Kolmas märts.
Viies mai.
Kümnes oktoober.
11. Dates from the Eleventh to the Thirty-First
Let's learn how larger ordinal numbers work.
Eleventh
üheteistkümnes
Twelfth
kaheteistkümnes
Fifteenth
viieteistkümnes
Twentieth
kahekümnes
Twenty-First
kahekümne esimene
Twenty-Second
kahekümne teine
Thirty-First
kolmekümne esimene
Useful Date Examples
| Date | Spoken date |
|---|---|
| 11.01 | üheteistkümnes jaanuar |
| 12.02 | kaheteistkümnes veebruar |
| 15.03 | viieteistkümnes märts |
| 20.04 | kahekümnes aprill |
| 21.05 | kahekümne esimene mai |
| 22.10 | kahekümne teine oktoober |
| 31.12 | kolmekümne esimene detsember |
Listen to the Examples
Üheteistkümnes jaanuar. Kaheteistkümnes veebruar. Viieteistkümnes märts. Kahekümnes aprill. Kahekümne esimene mai. Kahekümne teine oktoober. Kolmekümne esimene detsember.
Grammar Discovery
Notice that in compound ordinals such as kahekümne esimene, the first part uses a different form:
- kakskümmend üks — twenty-one
- kahekümne esimene — twenty-first
This is a useful pattern to recognize, but it isn't necessary to generate all compound ordinals from memory immediately.
Prioritize dates that matter in your life.
12. Asking What Today's Date Is
Now let's learn how to ask for today's date.
Mitmes täna on?
Meaning: What's today's date?
Example Answer
Täna on viies märts.
Meaning: Today is the fifth of March.
Another Example
Täna on kahekümne teine oktoober.
Meaning: Today is the twenty-second of October.
These are example dates used for language practice.
A Useful Pattern
Täna on + ordinal day + month.
Mini Dialogue
Mitmes täna on? Täna on kolmas aprill. Aitäh! Palun!
English Translation
Person A: What's today's date?
Person B: Today is the third of April.
Person A: Thank you!
Person B: You're welcome!
Your Turn
Look at today's date on a calendar.
Try answering:
Mitmes täna on?
Use an ordinal number and the month name.
If you're not yet confident with larger ordinals, refer to the examples in this lesson.
13. Saying When Something Happens on a Date
There is an important difference between naming a calendar date and saying that an event happens on that date.
Compare:
Täna on viies märts.
Meaning: Today is the fifth of March.
And:
Kohtumine on viiendal märtsil.
Meaning: The meeting is on the fifth of March.
Notice the changes:
- viies → viiendal
- märts → märtsil
A Practical Example
Kohtumine on kümnendal oktoobril.
Meaning: The meeting is on the tenth of October.
Another Example
Mul on aeg kahekümne teisel oktoobril.
Meaning: I have an appointment on October twenty-second.
New Vocabulary
kohtumine
Meaning: Meeting.
Mul on aeg.
Meaning: I have an appointment, in an appropriate appointment context.
Grammar Discovery
Calendar dates use different forms depending on their function in the sentence.
When simply naming the date:
- viies märts
When indicating that something happens on that date:
- viiendal märtsil
This is an example of case endings affecting both the ordinal number and the month.
At this stage, learn common appointment expressions as complete phrases.
You'll practice them again in the next lesson.
14. Saying Your Birthday
Birthdays are another useful context for calendar dates.
Birthday
sünnipäev
Meaning: Birthday.
When Is Your Birthday?
Informal:
Millal sul sünnipäev on?
Meaning: When is your birthday?
Polite:
Millal teil sünnipäev on?
Meaning: When is your birthday?
A Simple Answer
Minu sünnipäev on viiendal mail.
Meaning: My birthday is on May fifth.
Another Example
Minu sünnipäev on kaheteistkümnendal juunil.
Meaning: My birthday is on June twelfth.
Birthday Dialogue
Millal sul sünnipäev on? Minu sünnipäev on viiendal mail. Väga tore! Aitäh!
English Translation
Person A: When is your birthday?
Person B: My birthday is on May fifth.
Person A: Very nice!
Person B: Thank you!
Your Turn
Think of your own birthday.
Practice saying the day and month in Estonian.
You don't need to share your birthday with another person if you prefer not to.
15. Understanding Appointment Information
Now let's combine dates and times.
Imagine you're booking a simple appointment.
The receptionist says:
Neljapäeval kell kümme.
Meaning: On Thursday at ten o'clock.
Another Example
Esmaspäeval kell pool üheksa.
Meaning: On Monday at 8:30.
Appointment on a Specific Date
Kohtumine on kahekümne teisel oktoobril kell kümme.
Meaning: The meeting is on October twenty-second at ten o'clock.
Important Pattern
Event + date + kell + time
You can also use a weekday:
Kohtumine on reedel kell kolm.
Meaning: The meeting is on Friday at three.
A Simple Appointment Dialogue
Tere! Tere! Millal on kohtumine? Neljapäeval. Mis kell? Kell kümme hommikul. Aitäh! Palun!
English Translation
Person A: Hello!
Person B: Hello!
Person A: When is the meeting?
Person B: On Thursday.
Person A: At what time?
Person B: At ten in the morning.
Person A: Thank you!
Person B: You're welcome!
Your Goal
Recognize the three pieces of information:
- The event.
- The day or date.
- The time.
These are the essential parts of many appointment conversations.
16. Confirming a Date
Sometimes you want to make sure you've understood correctly.
A very useful question is:
Kas see on neljapäeval?
Meaning: Is it on Thursday?
Confirming the Time
Kas see on kell kümme?
Meaning: Is it at ten o'clock?
Confirming the Date
Kas see on kahekümne teisel oktoobril?
Meaning: Is it on October twenty-second?
Useful Answers
Jah, täpselt.
Meaning: Yes, exactly.
Ei, reedel.
Meaning: No, on Friday.
New Word
täpselt
Meaning: Exactly.
Example Dialogue
Kohtumine on neljapäeval kell kümme. Vabandust, kas neljapäeval? Jah, neljapäeval. Kell kümme? Jah, täpselt. Aitäh!
English Translation
Person A: The meeting is on Thursday at ten.
Person B: Sorry, on Thursday?
Person A: Yes, on Thursday.
Person B: At ten?
Person A: Yes, exactly.
Person B: Thank you!
Practical Strategy
When you hear important appointment information:
- Repeat the day.
- Repeat the date if necessary.
- Confirm the time.
- Write it down.
This reduces misunderstandings and gives you useful Estonian speaking practice.
17. Reading Practice: A Simple Weekly Calendar
Imagine the following fictional calendar.
Nädalaplaan — Weekly Schedule
| Day | Activity | Time |
|---|---|---|
| Esmaspäev | Töö | 09:00 |
| Teisipäev | Eesti keele tund | 18:00 |
| Kolmapäev | Pood | 17:30 |
| Neljapäev | Kohtumine | 10:00 |
| Reede | Kohvik | 16:00 |
| Laupäev | Puhkus | — |
| Pühapäev | Kodus | — |
Vocabulary
töö
Work.
eesti keele tund
Estonian language lesson.
pood
Shop.
kohtumine
Meeting.
puhkus
Time off / Vacation, depending on context.
kodus
At home.
Questions
- On which day is the Estonian lesson?
- What time is the meeting?
- What happens on Friday?
- Which day is marked for time off?
- Where is the person on Sunday?
Answers
- Tuesday.
- 10:00.
- Café visit.
- Saturday.
- At home.
Speaking Challenge
Say:
"The meeting is on Thursday at ten."
Kohtumine on neljapäeval kell kümme.
Now say:
"The Estonian lesson is on Tuesday at six."
Eesti keele tund on teisipäeval kell kuus.
18. Listening Practice: Recognize Days and Dates
Listen to each expression.
Try hiding the written Estonian while listening.
Listening 1
Esmaspäeval.
A. Monday
B. Tuesday
C. Wednesday
Listening 2
Pühapäeval.
A. Saturday
B. Sunday
C. Friday
Listening 3
Järgmisel nädalal.
A. Last week
B. This week
C. Next week
Listening 4
Viies märts.
A. March 5
B. May 3
C. March 15
Listening 5
Kahekümne teine oktoober.
A. October 12
B. October 22
C. October 20
Listening 6
Neljapäeval kell pool üheksa.
A. Thursday at 8:30
B. Friday at 9:30
C. Thursday at 9:00
Listening 7
Kohtumine on reedel kell kolm.
A. Meeting on Thursday at three
B. Meeting on Friday at three
C. Meeting on Friday at thirteen
Answers
- A
- B
- C
- A
- B
- A
- B
Extra Challenge
Listen again without reading the answer options.
Write down each day, date, or time that you hear.
The goal is to process calendar information directly from spoken Estonian.
19. Reading Practice: A Short Appointment Message
Read the following fictional message.
Tere!
Teie kohtumine on neljapäeval, kahekümne teisel oktoobril kell kümme hommikul.
Kohtumine on Tallinnas.
Head päeva!
English Questions
- On which weekday is the appointment?
- What is the date?
- What time is the appointment?
- Which city is mentioned?
Answers
- Thursday.
- October 22.
- 10:00 in the morning.
- Tallinn.
Useful Word
teie
Meaning: Your / You, depending on the grammatical context.
Here:
Teie kohtumine
Meaning: Your appointment / meeting.
Reading Strategy
When reading appointment messages, identify:
- The day
- The date
- The time
- The location
You don't need to translate every word to understand the key information.
20. Writing Practice: Days and Months
Exercise A — Translate the Days
Write these weekdays in Estonian.
- Monday
- Tuesday
- Thursday
- Saturday
- Sunday
Answers
- esmaspäev
- teisipäev
- neljapäev
- laupäev
- pühapäev
Exercise B — Translate the Months
Write these months in Estonian.
- January
- March
- June
- September
- December
Answers
- jaanuar
- märts
- juuni
- september
- detsember
Exercise C — Write the Date
Write the following dates in words, using the basic date form.
- 01.01
- 03.03
- 05.05
- 10.10
- 22.10
Answers
- esimene jaanuar
- kolmas märts
- viies mai
- kümnes oktoober
- kahekümne teine oktoober
Exercise D — Complete the Expressions
Word bank:
täna, homme, eile, esmaspäeval, oktoobris, nädalavahetusel
- _____ on teisipäev.
- _____ on kolmapäev.
- _____ oli esmaspäev.
- Ma töötan _____.
- Ma lähen Tartusse _____.
- Ma olen kodus _____.
Suggested Answers
- Täna
- Homme
- Eile
- esmaspäeval
- oktoobris
- nädalavahetusel
These sentences are independent practice examples. Questions 1–3 use the same imagined sequence of days.
21. Speaking Challenge: Your Calendar
Now it's time to use your own information.
Question 1
Mis päev täna on?
Answer with today's weekday.
Question 2
Mis päeval sa töötad?
Meaning: On what day do you work?
If appropriate, respond:
Ma töötan esmaspäeval.
Question 3
Mida sa nädalavahetusel teed?
Meaning: What are you doing on the weekend?
Possible response:
Ma olen kodus.
Question 4
Millal sul sünnipäev on?
Meaning: When is your birthday?
Practice saying the date privately if you prefer.
Question 5
Mis kell sa homme tuled?
Meaning: What time are you coming tomorrow?
Respond using any suitable time.
Your Goal
Answer all five questions in Estonian.
Use your own information where possible.
You may give short answers.
Try not to read the model sentences.
22. A Complete Scheduling Conversation
Imagine you're planning to meet a friend at a café.
Listen to the full dialogue.
Tere! Tere! Kas sa tuled sel nädalal kohvikusse? Jah, tulen küll. Mis päeval? Reedel. Mis kell? Kell pool kuus õhtul. Väga hea! Kas see on reedel kell pool kuus? Jah, täpselt. Meeldiv! Nägemist! Head aega!
English Translation
Person A: Hello!
Person B: Hello!
Person A: Are you coming to the café this week?
Person B: Yes, I am.
Person A: On which day?
Person B: Friday.
Person A: At what time?
Person B: At 5:30 in the evening.
Person A: Very good!
Person A: Is that Friday at 5:30?
Person B: Yes, exactly.
Person A: Nice!
Person B: Goodbye!
Person A: Goodbye!
What Did You Accomplish?
You combined:
- Week expressions
- Weekdays
- Half-hour expressions
- A familiar location
- Confirmation questions
- Polite closing expressions
Practice
Listen to the dialogue once without reading.
Then speak only one person's lines.
Finally, change the meeting to:
- Saturday
- 11:00 in the morning
Suggested Expressions
Laupäeval.
Kell üksteist hommikul.
Try rebuilding the conversation with the new schedule.
23. Knowledge Check
Choose the best answer.
Question 1
What does teisipäev mean?
A. Monday
B. Tuesday
C. Thursday
Question 2
Which expression means "On Friday"?
A. reede
B. reedel
C. reedest
Question 3
What does homme mean?
A. Yesterday
B. Today
C. Tomorrow
Question 4
What does järgmisel nädalal mean?
A. Next week
B. Last week
C. This week
Question 5
Which word means "October"?
A. september
B. oktoober
C. november
Question 6
What does märtsis mean?
A. In March
B. From March
C. Before March
Question 7
How do you say "The fifth of May" as a basic date?
A. viis mai
B. viies mai
C. viiendat mai
Question 8
What does Mitmes täna on? mean?
A. What day of the week is it?
B. What's today's date?
C. What time is it?
Question 9
What does Minu sünnipäev on viiendal mail mean?
A. My birthday is on May 5.
B. My birthday is on March 5.
C. My birthday is on May 15.
Question 10
Which expression means "The meeting is on Thursday at ten"?
A. Kohtumine on teisipäeval kell kümme.
B. Kohtumine on neljapäeval kell kümme.
C. Kohtumine on neljapäeval kell kaksteist.
Answers
- B
- B
- C
- A
- B
- A
- B
- B
- A
- B
24. Real-World Mission
Your challenge is to use Estonian calendar expressions in your daily life.
Mission A — Easy: Read a Calendar
Look at your calendar.
Say the seven days of the week aloud in Estonian.
Then identify today's day and date.
Mission B — Intermediate: Your Weekly Plans
Write three sentences describing activities this week.
For example:
Ma töötan esmaspäeval.
Ma lähen poodi kolmapäeval.
Ma olen kodus pühapäeval.
Try using your own plans.
Mission C — Appointment Practice
Find an ordinary calendar entry.
Practice saying:
- The weekday
- The date
- The time
For example:
Kohtumine on neljapäeval kell kümme.
Mission D — Challenge: Arrange a Meeting
Ask a friend or language partner when they are available.
Use:
Mis päeval?
Mis kell?
Then confirm the information.
Kas see on reedel kell kolm?
Reflection
After practicing, ask yourself:
- Can I name all seven days?
- Can I recognize the months?
- Can I read a numerical date?
- Can I understand the date of an appointment?
- Can I confirm a day and time in Estonian?
25. Lesson Summary
You've learned to understand and talk about calendar information in Estonian.
Days of the Week
| English | Estonian | On that day |
|---|---|---|
| Monday | esmaspäev | esmaspäeval |
| Tuesday | teisipäev | teisipäeval |
| Wednesday | kolmapäev | kolmapäeval |
| Thursday | neljapäev | neljapäeval |
| Friday | reede | reedel |
| Saturday | laupäev | laupäeval |
| Sunday | pühapäev | pühapäeval |
Months of the Year
| English | Estonian | In that month |
|---|---|---|
| January | jaanuar | jaanuaris |
| February | veebruar | veebruaris |
| March | märts | märtsis |
| April | aprill | aprillis |
| May | mai | mais |
| June | juuni | juunis |
| July | juuli | juulis |
| August | august | augustis |
| September | september | septembris |
| October | oktoober | oktoobris |
| November | november | novembris |
| December | detsember | detsembris |
Essential Calendar Expressions
Mis päev täna on?
What day is it today?
Mitmes täna on?
What's today's date?
Millal sul sünnipäev on?
When is your birthday?
Mis päeval?
On what day?
Mis kell?
At what time?
Kohtumine on neljapäeval kell kümme.
The meeting is on Thursday at ten.
Kas see on reedel?
Is it on Friday?
Jah, täpselt.
Yes, exactly.
Grammar You've Started Learning
This lesson introduced or reinforced:
- Weekday forms expressing "on that day."
- Month forms expressing "in that month."
- Ordinal numbers for calendar dates.
- Date expressions used when scheduling events.
- Time expressions such as täna, homme, and eile.
- Useful forms of olema, including on and oli.
- Combining dates with times.
You don't need perfect control of every ordinal and case form yet.
Prioritize the dates and expressions you actually use.
26. A1 Progress Check
This lesson develops the following A1 communication skills.
Listening
Recognize days, months, simple dates, and appointment times when spoken clearly.
Speaking
Say what day it is, name familiar dates, and explain when activities happen.
Interaction
Ask about scheduled activities and confirm appointment information.
Reading
Understand basic calendar entries, short scheduling messages, and numerical dates.
Writing
Write simple calendar entries and short sentences about plans.
Grammar
Recognize weekday, month, and date forms used in common time expressions.
Before Moving On
Check whether you can:
- Name all seven weekdays in Estonian.
- Use weekday forms such as esmaspäeval.
- Understand eile, täna, and homme.
- Recognize sel nädalal and järgmisel nädalal.
- Name the twelve months.
- Recognize month forms such as märtsis.
- Read numerical dates in day-month-year order.
- Understand common ordinal numbers.
- Ask for today's date.
- Say when your birthday is.
- Understand a simple appointment date.
- Combine a date with a clock time.
- Confirm an appointment's day and time.
- Write at least three calendar entries in Estonian.
If you can perform most of these tasks, you're ready to continue.
