Numbers, Money & Basic Questions
Numbers You Need Every Day
Imagine you're standing at a café in Tallinn.
You order a coffee, and the cashier tells you the price in Estonian.
You know how to say hello, thank you, and ask someone to repeat themselves.
But do you understand the number?
Or imagine looking for bus number 15, telling someone your phone number, or asking for two tickets.
Numbers are among the most useful things you can learn in any language.
In this lesson, you'll learn Estonian numbers through situations you'll encounter in everyday life.
Today's mission: Recognize numbers, understand simple quantities, and start using Estonian when shopping or getting around.
What You'll Learn
By the end of this lesson, you'll be able to:
- Count from 0 to 20 in Estonian.
- Understand how numbers from 21 to 100 are formed.
- Recognize hundreds and thousands.
- Understand numbers in simple prices.
- Identify bus and tram numbers.
- Say simple quantities when ordering.
- Recognize spoken numbers without immediately translating them into English.
A1 learning goal: Understand and use basic numbers, quantities, and familiar numerical information in predictable everyday situations.
1. Your First Five Numbers
Let's start with the numbers you'll use most often.
| Number | Estonian |
|---|---|
| 0 | null |
| 1 | üks |
| 2 | kaks |
| 3 | kolm |
| 4 | neli |
| 5 | viis |
Listen to each number.
null
üks
kaks
kolm
neli
viis
Listen and Repeat
üks kaks kolm neli viis
Repeat the sequence three times.
On your first repetition, focus on pronunciation.
On the second, try remembering the number before hearing it.
On the third, look away from the text and count independently.
A Useful Pronunciation Reminder
Pay attention to:
üks
The letter ü is pronounced differently from the English letter "u."
You practiced this sound in Module 1.
2. Numbers Six to Ten
Now let's continue.
| Number | Estonian |
|---|---|
| 6 | kuus |
| 7 | seitse |
| 8 | kaheksa |
| 9 | üheksa |
| 10 | kümme |
Listen:
kuus
seitse
kaheksa
üheksa
kümme
Count from One to Ten
üks kaks kolm neli viis kuus seitse kaheksa üheksa kümme
Practice
Try counting from one to ten without looking.
If you forget a number, listen to the sequence again.
Don't worry about speed.
Accuracy and recognition come first.
3. Your First Number Challenge
Imagine you're buying apples at a supermarket.
You want three apples.
The number is:
kolm
You want five apples.
viis
You want two bottles of water.
kaks
Quick Recognition
Match each Estonian number with its English meaning.
- seitse
- kolm
- üheksa
- viis
- kaks
A. Two
B. Five
C. Nine
D. Seven
E. Three
Answers
- D
- E
- C
- B
- A
4. Numbers Eleven to Twenty
Estonian numbers from 11 to 19 follow a helpful pattern.
| Number | Estonian |
|---|---|
| 11 | üksteist |
| 12 | kaksteist |
| 13 | kolmteist |
| 14 | neliteist |
| 15 | viisteist |
| 16 | kuusteist |
| 17 | seitseteist |
| 18 | kaheksateist |
| 19 | üheksateist |
| 20 | kakskümmend |
Listen:
üksteist kaksteist kolmteist neliteist viisteist kuusteist seitseteist kaheksateist üheksateist kakskümmend
Discover the Pattern
Look at these numbers:
- üks → üksteist
- kaks → kaksteist
- kolm → kolmteist
- neli → neliteist
- viis → viisteist
The numbers from 11 to 19 use the ending -teist.
This makes them easier to learn as a group.
A Practical Example
Imagine you're waiting for bus number 15.
Buss number viisteist.
Meaning: Bus number fifteen.
Or you're looking for apartment number 12.
Korter number kaksteist.
Meaning: Apartment number twelve.
Practice
Say these numbers aloud:
11, 13, 15, 18, 20.
Suggested answers:
üksteist
kolmteist
viisteist
kaheksateist
kakskümmend
5. Numbers from Twenty to One Hundred
Now comes the good news.
Once you understand the pattern, numbers become much easier.
| Number | Estonian |
|---|---|
| 20 | kakskümmend |
| 30 | kolmkümmend |
| 40 | nelikümmend |
| 50 | viiskümmend |
| 60 | kuuskümmend |
| 70 | seitsekümmend |
| 80 | kaheksakümmend |
| 90 | üheksakümmend |
| 100 | sada |
Listen:
kakskümmend kolmkümmend nelikümmend viiskümmend kuuskümmend seitsekümmend kaheksakümmend üheksakümmend sada
How the Pattern Works
The tens use -kümmend.
For example:
- kaks + kümmend → kakskümmend
- kolm + kümmend → kolmkümmend
- viis + kümmend → viiskümmend
Once you know the basic numbers, the tens become easier to recognize.
6. Building Numbers Like 21, 35, and 48
In Estonian, compound numbers between the tens are commonly written as separate words.
For example:
kakskümmend üks
21 — Twenty-one.
kolmkümmend viis
35 — Thirty-five.
nelikümmend kaheksa
48 — Forty-eight.
viiskümmend kaks
52 — Fifty-two.
üheksakümmend üheksa
99 — Ninety-nine.
Understand the Structure
Tens + Units
For example:
35 = 30 + 5
kolmkümmend viis
This pattern works consistently for the numbers covered here.
Try It Yourself
How would you say:
- 22
- 31
- 46
- 57
- 89
Answers
- kakskümmend kaks
- kolmkümmend üks
- nelikümmend kuus
- viiskümmend seitse
- kaheksakümmend üheksa
Listen to the answers.
kakskümmend kaks kolmkümmend üks nelikümmend kuus viiskümmend seitse kaheksakümmend üheksa
7. Hundreds and Thousands
Now let's learn larger numbers.
You don't need to memorize every possible number.
For A1, focus on recognizing common combinations.
One Hundred
sada
100 — One hundred.
Two Hundred
kakssada
200 — Two hundred.
Three Hundred
kolmsada
300 — Three hundred.
Five Hundred
viissada
500 — Five hundred.
One Thousand
tuhat
1000 — One thousand.
Two Thousand
kaks tuhat
2000 — Two thousand.
Notice the Pattern
For hundreds:
- sada
- kakssada
- kolmsada
- nelisada
- viissada
For thousands:
- tuhat
- kaks tuhat
- kolm tuhat
- viis tuhat
More Examples
sada viis
105 — One hundred and five.
sada kakskümmend
120 — One hundred and twenty.
kakssada viiskümmend
250 — Two hundred and fifty.
tuhat viissada
1500 — One thousand five hundred.
Practical Tip
You will encounter larger numbers in:
- Addresses
- Apartment numbers
- Prices
- Years
- Phone numbers
- Public transport
- Documents
You don't need to master all these contexts immediately.
The goal is to understand the building blocks.
8. Numbers in Real Life: Bus and Tram Numbers
Imagine you're standing at a bus stop in Tallinn.
You're looking for bus number 18.
You might say:
Buss number kaheksateist.
Meaning: Bus number eighteen.
Or:
Tramm number neli.
Meaning: Tram number four.
Important Vocabulary
buss
Bus.
tramm
Tram.
number
Number.
A Useful Question
Kas see on buss number viis?
Meaning: Is this bus number five?
You already learned how kas introduces yes/no questions in Module 1.
Now you're using the same pattern with numbers.
Example Dialogue
Vabandust! Jah? Kas see on buss number viis? Ei, see on buss number kuus. Aitäh! Palun!
English Translation
You: Excuse me!
Person: Yes?
You: Is this bus number five?
Person: No, this is bus number six.
You: Thank you!
Person: You're welcome!
What Did You Learn?
You're combining:
- Polite expressions
- Simple questions
- Numbers
- Yes/no responses
This is how you move from memorizing vocabulary to using Estonian.
9. Numbers in Real Life: Ordering Things
Numbers are especially useful when ordering food and drinks.
You already know:
Üks kohv, palun.
Meaning: One coffee, please.
Now let's extend that idea.
Two Coffees
Kaks kohvi, palun.
Meaning: Two coffees, please.
Three Coffees
Kolm kohvi, palun.
Meaning: Three coffees, please.
Two Teas
Kaks teed, palun.
Meaning: Two teas, please.
Three Apples
Kolm õuna, palun.
Meaning: Three apples, please.
A Small Grammar Discovery
Notice something interesting.
In English, we often use plural nouns after numbers greater than one.
In Estonian, the noun after numbers like kaks and kolm usually takes a form called the singular partitive.
For example:
- üks kohv
- kaks kohvi
- kolm kohvi
And:
- üks õun
- kaks õuna
- kolm õuna
You do not need to memorize partitive-case rules today.
For now, learn the complete expressions.
We'll study this important pattern more systematically later.
Café Dialogue
Tere! Tere! Kaks kohvi, palun. Kas veel midagi? Ei, aitäh. Palun! Aitäh!
English Translation
Customer: Hello!
Employee: Hello!
Customer: Two coffees, please.
Employee: Anything else?
Customer: No, thank you.
Employee: Here you go!
Customer: Thank you!
Practice
Imagine you're ordering drinks for two people.
Say:
Kaks kohvi, palun.
Now imagine ordering three.
Kolm kohvi, palun.
Repeat until you can change the number naturally.
10. Recognizing Numbers in Prices
Imagine you're buying a coffee.
The cashier says:
Kolm eurot.
Meaning: Three euros.
Or:
Viis eurot.
Meaning: Five euros.
More Examples
Kaks eurot.
Two euros.
Seitse eurot.
Seven euros.
Kaksteist eurot.
Twelve euros.
Kakskümmend eurot.
Twenty euros.
Another Grammar Pattern
Notice:
- üks euro
- kaks eurot
- kolm eurot
- viis eurot
The noun form changes after üks.
This is the same general numerical pattern you saw with coffee and apples.
We'll explore it in detail in later lessons.
For now, remember:
Üks euro.
Kaks eurot.
Listening Practice
Listen and identify the price.
Price 1
Neli eurot.
A. €2
B. €4
C. €7
Price 2
Üheksa eurot.
A. €9
B. €5
C. €11
Price 3
Viisteist eurot.
A. €15
B. €50
C. €5
Answers
- B — €4
- A — €9
- A — €15
11. Numbers in Phone Numbers
Phone numbers are another everyday situation where recognizing individual digits matters.
In Estonian, phone numbers can be read as individual digits or grouped numbers.
For beginners, reading the digits individually is a useful starting point.
Example Phone Number
5123 4567
For digit-by-digit practice:
viis üks kaks kolm neli viis kuus seitse
Another Example
5550 1234
viis viis viis null üks kaks kolm neli
Practice
Try reading this example number aloud:
5302 4618
Think about the digits individually.
Then check:
viis kolm null kaks neli kuus üks kaheksa
Important
These are fictional practice numbers.
You don't need to share your personal phone number to complete this exercise.
12. Asking How Many
Let's introduce a useful question.
Mitu?
Meaning: How many?
You can use it when asking about countable quantities.
Examples
Mitu kohvi?
Meaning: How many coffees?
Mitu piletit?
Meaning: How many tickets?
Mitu inimest?
Meaning: How many people?
Example Dialogue
Tere! Tere! Mitu piletit? Kaks piletit, palun. Palun! Aitäh!
English Translation
Employee: Hello!
Customer: Hello!
Employee: How many tickets?
Customer: Two tickets, please.
Employee: Here you go!
Customer: Thank you!
Grammar Note
You've encountered a new form:
- pilet — ticket
- piletit — ticket, in the singular partitive form
For now, remember:
Kaks piletit, palun.
Meaning: Two tickets, please.
It's a useful expression for everyday travel and events.
13. Listening Practice: Numbers Without Reading
Now let's test your listening.
For a genuine listening challenge, cover the written Estonian while playing the audio.
Listen first.
Then choose the correct number.
Listening 1
kaheksa
A. 6
B. 8
C. 9
Listening 2
neliteist
A. 14
B. 40
C. 4
Listening 3
kolmkümmend kaks
A. 23
B. 32
C. 42
Listening 4
seitsekümmend viis
A. 57
B. 75
C. 70
Listening 5
sada kakskümmend
A. 102
B. 120
C. 200
Answers
- B — 8
- A — 14
- B — 32
- B — 75
- B — 120
Challenge
Listen again and write each number using digits.
Try to avoid translating into English first.
The goal is to connect spoken Estonian directly to the number.
14. Reading Practice: Everyday Information
Read the following short examples.
Example A — Transport
Buss number kakskümmend üks.
What is the bus number?
A. 12
B. 21
C. 31
Example B — Shopping
Kolm eurot.
What is the price?
A. €3
B. €13
C. €30
Example C — Ordering
Kaks kohvi, palun.
How many coffees does the customer want?
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
Example D — Tickets
Viis piletit, palun.
How many tickets?
A. 4
B. 5
C. 6
Answers
- B — 21
- A — €3
- B — Two
- B — Five
15. Writing Practice
Exercise A — Write the Number
Write each Estonian number as digits.
- viis
- kaksteist
- kaheksateist
- kolmkümmend
- nelikümmend seitse
- üheksakümmend üheksa
- sada
- kakssada viiskümmend
Answers
- 5
- 12
- 18
- 30
- 47
- 99
- 100
- 250
Exercise B — Write in Estonian
Write these numbers in Estonian.
- 3
- 7
- 11
- 15
- 20
- 34
- 56
- 100
Answers
- kolm
- seitse
- üksteist
- viisteist
- kakskümmend
- kolmkümmend neli
- viiskümmend kuus
- sada
Exercise C — Complete the Sentences
Use the correct number expression.
- One coffee, please.
- Two coffees, please.
- Three apples, please.
- Two tickets, please.
- Five euros.
Suggested Answers
Üks kohv, palun.
Kaks kohvi, palun.
Kolm õuna, palun.
Kaks piletit, palun.
Viis eurot.
16. Speaking Challenge: At a Café
Imagine visiting a café in Tallinn.
You want to order two coffees.
The employee greets you.
Your Task
Respond appropriately.
Then order two coffees.
Finally, thank the employee.
Example
Tere! Tere! Kaks kohvi, palun. Kas veel midagi? Ei, aitäh. Palun! Aitäh! Head aega! Nägemist!
Your Challenge
Repeat the conversation with different quantities:
- One coffee
- Two coffees
- Three coffees
Then try ordering two teas.
Kaks teed, palun.
Don't worry about constructing complex sentences.
The goal is to make the number and requested item clear.
17. Real-World Mission
Your challenge is to recognize and use Estonian numbers in everyday life.
Choose one or more missions.
Mission A — Easy: Recognize Numbers
Look at signs or information around you.
Find:
- A bus or tram number
- A product price
- An apartment or building number
Say each number aloud in Estonian.
Mission B — Intermediate: Shopping
When shopping, try recognizing the price before checking the payment terminal.
If you're unsure, you can use an expression from Module 1:
Palun korrake.
Meaning: Please repeat.
Mission C — Challenge: Order Something
Try ordering a simple quantity in Estonian.
For example:
Kaks kohvi, palun.
Or:
Kolm õuna, palun.
If ordering aloud isn't possible, practice the same sentences with a friend or language partner.
Mission D — Numbers Around You
Choose five numbers you encounter today.
They might be:
- A price
- A bus number
- An apartment number
- A date
- A quantity
Write each one in digits and in Estonian.
Then say it aloud.
18. Lesson Summary
You've learned how Estonian numbers work and how to use them in familiar everyday situations.
Numbers 0–10
| Number | Estonian |
|---|---|
| 0 | null |
| 1 | üks |
| 2 | kaks |
| 3 | kolm |
| 4 | neli |
| 5 | viis |
| 6 | kuus |
| 7 | seitse |
| 8 | kaheksa |
| 9 | üheksa |
| 10 | kümme |
Numbers 11–20
| Number | Estonian |
|---|---|
| 11 | üksteist |
| 12 | kaksteist |
| 13 | kolmteist |
| 14 | neliteist |
| 15 | viisteist |
| 16 | kuusteist |
| 17 | seitseteist |
| 18 | kaheksateist |
| 19 | üheksateist |
| 20 | kakskümmend |
Tens and Larger Numbers
| Number | Estonian |
|---|---|
| 30 | kolmkümmend |
| 40 | nelikümmend |
| 50 | viiskümmend |
| 60 | kuuskümmend |
| 70 | seitsekümmend |
| 80 | kaheksakümmend |
| 90 | üheksakümmend |
| 100 | sada |
| 200 | kakssada |
| 1000 | tuhat |
Useful Everyday Expressions
Üks kohv, palun.
One coffee, please.
Kaks kohvi, palun.
Two coffees, please.
Kaks piletit, palun.
Two tickets, please.
Kolm eurot.
Three euros.
Mitu piletit?
How many tickets?
19. A1 Progress Check
This lesson develops the following CEFR A1 foundation skills.
Listening
Recognize familiar numbers and quantities when spoken clearly.
Speaking
Say numbers and use them in simple orders or responses.
Interaction
Request familiar quantities and answer simple questions about how many items are needed.
Reading
Recognize numbers written in Estonian and understand basic numeric information.
Writing
Write common numbers and short quantity expressions.
Grammar
Begin recognizing:
- Compound number formation.
- Common numeral patterns.
- Singular noun forms after üks.
- Singular partitive forms after numbers such as kaks and kolm.
- Simple quantity questions using mitu.
Before Moving On
Check whether you can:
- Count from 0 to 20 in Estonian.
- Recognize tens from 20 to 100.
- Construct simple numbers such as 24 and 57.
- Recognize 100 and 1000.
- Understand simple prices.
- Recognize common bus and tram numbers.
- Order two or three familiar items.
- Read short numerical information.
- Write at least ten common numbers correctly.
You don't need perfect speed yet.
Practice numbers briefly each day, especially when shopping or using public transport.
